The Hindu : Front Page : It’s now or never to get the deal, says Mulford

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Sunday, Feb 10, 2008
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It’s now or never to get the deal, says Mulford

Willing to meet Prakash Karat to address his concerns

NSG waiver “an extremely sensitive process”
India will retain its right to conduct nuclear test

David Mulford

NEW DELHI: Pressing for conclusion of the India-U.S. civil nuclear agreement during the Bush administration, Washington has suggested that it is almost “now or never” for New Delhi to get such a deal as non-proliferation groups may force additional conditionalities.

U.S. Ambassador David Mulford said the deal was good for India and would make the country the centre of a civil nuclear industry in the world.

“If this is not processed in the present Congress, it is unlikely that this deal will be offered again to India. It certainly would not be revived and offered by any administration, Democratic or Republican, before the year 2010, which is after the life of this administration,” he said in an interview in Karan Thapar’s Devil’s Advocate programme for CNN-IBN.

If the deal were to be revived, it would have to go through the (U.S. Congress) Committee process “and I think the non-proliferation groups would insist on changes in many of the terms or additional conditions.”

Noting that the “atmosphere is changing,” Mr. Mulford said: “I believe — and I know both Republicans and Democrats believe in the United States — this is the time to finish this deal.”

Asked if he was saying it was “now or maybe never” for the civil nuclear deal, Mr. Mulford said, “That’s pretty close to it.”

On the political opposition to the deal in this country, Mr. Mulford said the Americans were “puzzled” as this agreement was not immediately embraced and activated by India.

The Ambassador maintained that India would retain its right to conduct a nuclear test. “It can make that decision [to conduct test] at any time. It’s a sovereign state, it’s very clear that India is free to do as it wishes with regard to future testing,” he said.

“It’s also clear that if it does test then certain things may or may not happen that are prescribed in the agreement. It is all visible there, transparently, for anyone to see.”

Asked about the prospects of India getting a waiver from the 45-nation Nuclear Suppliers Group, Mr. Mulford expressed confidence but acknowledged that it would not be easy. “We’re all hoping for that [a clean and unconditional clearance] but it has to be recognised that this is an extremely sensitive process,” he said.

“India has been granted a special exemption by the United States in the global system and we’re asking a variety of countries who were not given that particular opportunity to accept a special exemption.”

Noting that there was “a mix of countries” involved, the envoy said some of them took the “view that India is being rewarded inappropriately when it never signed the non-proliferation treaty, [whilst] other countries have very strong views on proliferation within their political structures.”

So, “that particular process is not going to be easy. I think it’s achievable but I think it will take some time and will take some political energy.”

Mr. Mulford said: “Our opinion is, very strongly, that we hope the group [NSG] will go for a relatively simple consensus and a clean solution to the problem and will not attempt to move beyond effectively the provisions that have been so carefully negotiated in the 123 Agreement.”

Safeguards agreement

When a reference was made to the difficulties in finalisation of the India-IAEA safeguards agreement, the Ambassador said: “I see no reason why the safeguards agreement can’t be achieved. I would be very surprised if that were’nt achievable.”

India and the International Atomic Energy Agency have held four rounds of talks on the agreement but failed to firm it up because of differences over various aspects.

After the IAEA agreement, India will have to seek a waiver from the NSG before a fresh vote in the U.S. Congress.

On the fears of the CPI and the CPI(M) that the U.S. intention behind the deal was to convert India into a subordinate ally in South Asia, Mr. Mulford said: “That’s completely untrue. [Instead], the United States wants to assist India in achieving its global vision of emerging as a major economic power in the world.”

The Ambassador said he would be willing to meet CPI(M) general secretary Prakash Karat to try to remove his concerns. Mr. Mulford also denied that the U.S. was pressuring India not to go ahead with the proposed gas pipeline with Iran. “I don’t think that’s true at all. What we’ve done is to indicate to members of the government that we have legislation on our books, which is well known, which is directed towards discouraging development of natural resources in Iran.”

This legislation “has not been used but it is there and it could come into play. We feel it’s only appropriate to remind people that it’s there.” — PTI

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