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Signs of aging

When is a dog considered a "senior?" Here are guidelines to help you handle an aging animal

The companionship of a senior dog is something to be treasured. But when is a dog "senior"? Veterinarians generally consider small dogs (like Pomeranians) to be senior citizens at about 12, while large dogs like the Great Danes reach the senior level at 6 to 8 years. This roughly corresponds to the 55-plus category in people. For every year a human ages, a dog ages the equivalent of four or five years.

One of the first signs of aging is slowing down. It will take your dog longer to get up from a lying position or climb stairs. Some of these changes are natural, but it is important not to overlook the changes. What are the changes one can expect?

Weight Gain: Good nutrition is a powerful tool in maintaining the health of an older animal. The needs of a senior dog are different from those of a young dog. Older dogs need lesser calories. Your dog may benefit from an increase in fibre and decrease in fat in his diet. Extra weight is a negative factor for your dog. Consult with your veterinarian in choosing a suitable diet. Feed your dog two or three smaller meals instead of one big meal.

Arthritis: Exercise is important, even if the animals have arthritis. The veterinarian may be able to prescribe medication for the arthritis pain, and exercise should be modified to your dog's ability. You should place the feeding dish at a higher level so that the dog does not have to bend much.

Dental disease: It is important to keep teeth clean and check for gum disease. Diseased teeth and gums can have serious consequences. Periodontal disease can lead to infection that can enter your dog's bloodstream causing discomfort and even death. A dental check-up should be part of every exam given by your veterinarian.

Kidney and liver function: Both functions decrease as your animal ages. Regular check-ups mean these conditions can be treated with medication and proper diet. Signs of possible liver or kidney disease could be vomiting, loss of appetite, excessive drinking and urination, and confusion.

Coat/fur: Just like in humans, grey hairs appear. If the quality of your dog's coat changes dramatically, consult the vet. Vision: Cataracts and glaucoma can affect senior pets. And some breeds are genetically predisposed to developing eye diseases such as Progressive Retinal Atrophy. Watch your dog for signs of sight loss by observing him as he walks and by making note of any changes in the appearance of the eyes.

Hearing: Sudden aggression and not responding to voice commands may mean your pet is losing his hearing. Signalling or gesturing with your hands or stomping your foot may help him realise you're talking to him.

Constipation: Digestion slows down; the vet can advise on increasing fibre in the diet or whether a laxative is appropriate. Encourage your dog to drink water. Watch for blood or mucous in the stool.

Special care: Older pets do not handle extremes or stress well. They are less tolerant of hot weather and cold. They need your help in dealing with stress. They need opportunities to relieve themselves more frequently and more rest periods during exercise. They are more dependent on you to compensate for poor vision, hearing and locomotion.

Cognitive dysfunction: Just as human seniors are prone to Alzheimer's disease, your pet may experience similar changes. If your older dog is confused, disoriented and `not himself', consult the veterinarian.

Heart and prostate disease and hypothyroidism: These health concerns become more common in older dogs and need to be treated by a veterinarian. Coughing, weight changes, exercise intolerance or any behavioural changes should be investigated.

Being sensitive to the special needs of your aging companion will make his difficult days more comfortable.

Pet's Choice Winner of the Month is Shambavi Chidambaram, a Class 9 student of Vidya Mandir Mylapore, who refused to wear silk for her Bharatanatyam arangetram. She managed beautifully with polycot. All of 14, she is leading her friends by example and we are happy that the younger generation is growing to be caring and compassionate towards all forms of life. Visit us at www.bluecross.org.in.for more details about her.

If you know someone who deserves to be mentioned for compassionate or courageous feats, do mail us at bci@bluecross.org.in or blucroz@gmail.com or by post to MetroPlus Column, Blue Cross of India, 72, Velachary Road, Chennai -32. As always, good photographs, suggestions and queries are welcome.

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