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Golden bells Indian Laburnum

A flowering tree, Kanikonna is scientifically termed as Cassia fistula (for its pipe or tube-shaped fruits). The tree commonly known as Indian laburnum (for its resemblance with English laburnum) /lantern tree/ golden shower/pudding pipe tree, is popular all over the country in its vernacular names. A member of the Caesalpinaceae family, it is native to the Indian sub-continent.

Ethnoclimatological studies suggest that the tree is a indicator of rain, blooming in abundance about 45 days before the onset of monsoon. This aspect of the plant is mentioned in Varahamihira’s Brihat Samhita. Our State flower is also the national flower of Thailand. Regionally known as ‘Ratchaphreuk,’ meaning royal tree, Thai people regard yellow as the colour of Buddhism and glory.

Tender leaves remain coppery red, folded and pendulous till maturity. The tree blossoms during the hot summer months of April-May shedding its leaves while blooming. In certain places, it flowers in October too.

Mild scented golden-yellow flowers are borne on long pendulous racemes more than a foot length. The long drooping sprays are often compared to golden jingling bells.

This medium-sized tree is suited for planting at homesteads, avenues and in parks for its shade and ornamental value.

Propagation is through seeds, but the percentage of germination is poor. Seeds are collected from fallen cylindrical pods after removing the pulp. Soaking seeds in boiled water for half-an-hour and there after in cold water for another eight to 10 hours will increase germination. Seeds can be sown in poly bags or in raised beds. Four to ten-months old seedlings are used for planting.

Delaying in replanting may post difficulty in uprooting this deep rooted tree. It may take five to 10 years for the tree to flower. The seedlings are available at social forestry office at P. T. P. Nagar and at private nurseries.

Parts of the plant such as roots, bark and fruit pulp are often used in Ayurveda medicines. The bark of the tree is rich in tannins and is used in leather processing and fabric colouring.

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