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More to paint than just colour
There is nothing like a coat of fresh paint to spruce up a drab looking interior space. In times when “go green” seems to be the mantra in every facet of life, there is more to consider than just the colour, texture or finish of the paint.
Some of the paints may contain formaldehyde and benzene, which are carcinogenic, while others may have heavy metals such as lead, mercury and phthalates, which are human and ecosystem toxins.
Indian scenario
The Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) has slated 1000 ppm (“parts per million”) as the benchmark for acceptable levels for lead in paints. However, this feature is only optional and manufacturers are not bound by law to adhere to it and provide safe household paints. Lead-based paints have already been banned in many countries across the world.
However, as India does not have enforceable limits for lead in paints, it results in less controlled paint products.
Conventional paint is composed of a solid portion (resin, fillers, pigments, curing agents and performance additives) and a liquid carrier.
Most paints are in the range of 25-30 per cent solids and have a carrier content of 70-75 per cent. A carrier may be either a volatile organic solvent or water. If water is used as the carrier, additional components such as ammonia may be used to keep the resin and other additives in suspension.
One of the growing concerns of the paint industry today is the high concentration of volatile organic compounds, or VOCs, that off-gas during the painting process — and sometimes for months or years afterward.
Most of these VOCs come from the synthetic solvents that give it a useable consistency and evaporate after application — the source of that fresh-paint smell.
When carriers evaporate during curing, they can leave tiny pinholes that promote corrosion. Volatile organic compounds used as carriers are neurotoxic, carcinogenic and flammable.
Handling, transporting and finally disposing them of without causing environmental damage is expensive and laborious.
Externally, VOC’s like vinyl chloride and benzene emitted from paint react with sunlight to form ground-level ozone, or smog.
Consequently, eliminating the use of a carrier becomes important for these reasons.
DEEPTI ADLAKHA
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