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Management of black tip damage in mango
Though India is the largest producer of mangoes, the productivity is low, which is mainly due to a number of infestations of the mango tree. Black tip is a common damage, which causes heavy losses to the mango grower. Almost all the mango varieties are found to be affected. This menace is normally found in the orchards that are located around the brick kilns.
Fumes emanating from brick kilns are capable of damaging the orchards that are located even 4 km away from the brick kilns.
The smoke that rises from the kilns are found to be responsible for this damage.
Role of wind
The speed and direction of wind play a vital role in intensifying the incidence of this damage.
The leaves show twisting symptoms. The outer portion of the tree crown shows higher degree of incidence. Fruits exposed on outer side of the tree are more prone than those unexposed. Yellow spots appear on the lower end of the fruit, which later turn brown and finally black in colour. The symptom is produced during the active fruit development stage.
Retarded growth
Ultimately the growth and development of the fruit is retarded. Generally a dry weather is found harmful in accentuating the damage.
Management
— Establishment of the orchards that are away from brick kiln, by at least 5km.
— Avoid erection of brick kiln near mango orchard
— Spray 1 per cent borax, thrice (10gm/lit) + 0.5 per cent Ammonium Nitrate (5gm/lit) to minimize the loss, first before flowering, second during flowering and third at fruit set stage
— A sticking agent might be added to the spray solution.
K. Subramanyan
A. Ramesh Kumar
& M.V.R. Reddy
TNAU, Regional Research Station, Paiyur
Krishnagiri District
Tamil Nadu
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