Disease management in rice fallow pulses
Fungal diseases namely root rot, powdery mildew, viral diseases yellow mosaic and leaf crinkle cause heavy damage to rice fallow pulse crops.
Proper diagnosis of disease symptoms and adoption of appropriate management practices will increase production.
Root rot
Root rot is a lethal disease caused by a soil borne fungus. It attacks the crop at different growth stages. Infected plants die within 7-10 days. The disease appears in patches and is severe during dry season. The disease spreads through seed and irrigation water.
Seed treatment
Seed treatment with fungicide 2 gm carbendazim or 4 gm Trichoderma or 10 gm/kg Pseudomonas is useful to reduce root rot infection. It is also effective against leaf spot diseases.
Soil application of Trichoderma at 2.5 kg/ha along with 50kg farm yard manure is helpful. Basal application of zinc sulphate at 25 kg/ha is advised.
In case of severe infection, spot drenching with carbendazim one gm/lit is essential to contain the disease spread.
Yellow mosaic virus is a common problem. Initially the disease appears as small, yellow spots on green lamina of young leaves.
Later irregular, yellow and green colour patches are found on leaves. The disease causes death of plants.
Leaf crinkle
It is characterized by crinkling and curling of leaves. Flowers become unopened and pods are not produced. Both viruses are transmitted by white flies. The virus is also spread through seed and plant sap.
Infected plants should be destroyed and alternate weed hosts with disease symptoms in the field and bunds should also be removed periodically. Seed should not be collected from infected plants.
Sorghum can be grown as border crop to avoid insect vectors. Yellow sticky traps acan also be used.
Spray
Seed treatment with imidacloprid 70 WS at 5ml/kg is found useful. Spraying of monocrotophos or methyl dematon 500ml/ha at the time of disease appearance and 15 days later will be useful to manage the diseases.
A. Karthikeyan
& S. Jebaraj
Tamil Nadu Rice Research Institute, Aduthurai
Tamil Nadu
Printer friendly
page
Send this article to Friends by
E-Mail
Sci Tech
